Discover Turkey's super seven regions

From coastlines to Cappadocia, dive into the country's diverse history

The land of the four seasons

Turkey (or Türkiye) is a country where East meets West. It’s a tapestry woven from its diverse landscapes, multiple cultures, and layers of shared history. With seven distinct regions; Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean, Central Anatolia, Black Sea, Eastern Anatolia, and Southeastern Anatolia, each one offers a kaleidoscope of experiences for every type of traveller.

One of the beauties of Turkey is that you could relax on a sunny beach or even take to the white capped slopes in the same season! It’s the ideal place for all sorts of holidays, whether you want to switch off from the world, or are seeking adrenaline-fuelled action and adventure.

What makes Turkey so unique?

In 1941, the country was redefined into seven official regions, and each offers its unique character and charm. Centered around Istanbul, the Marmara Region is exciting and lively as it sits on the border of Europe and Asia. The Aegean Region charms tourists with its ancient ruins and sun-kissed beaches, while the Mediterranean Region offers a haven of warm shores and delicious signature dishes. The Central Anatolia Region boasts an almost surreal landscape, with Cappadocia's fairy-like chimneys that can be viewed from above by hot air balloon. The Black Sea Region is a verdant haven with lush forests and tea plantations, while Eastern Anatolia is famous for its majestic mountains and historical landmarks like Mount Ararat. Southeastern Anatolia is ideal for fascinating day trips where you can discover natural wonders and the legacy of ancient civilisations.

Aegean Region

Known for its stunning beaches, ancient ruins, and olive groves, the Aegean Region is a haven for both history buffs and beach lovers.

Best time to visit: Spring (April-May) or autumn (September-October) when the weather is pleasantly warm.

Top attractions: Ephesus, Bodrum, Izmir, Pamukkale.

Must try dishes: Seafood like grilled octopus, shrimp saganaki, and Aegean mezes.

Marmara Region

This cosmopolitan region is home to the famous city of Istanbul. Sitting right on the border of Europe and Asia, it offers a seamless blend of modernity and historical grandeur.

Best time to visit: Spring (April-May) or autumn (September-October) when the temperatures are more comfortable.

Top attractions: Istanbul, Edirne, Bursa, Princes' Islands.

Must try dishes: Doner kebabs, baklava, Turkish delight, and fresh seafood.

Black Sea Region

Famous for its lush green landscapes, tea plantations, and hazelnut production, this region is perfect for lovers of the outdoors.

Best time to visit: Summer (June-August) for outdoor activities or autumn (September-October) to see their harvest festivals.

Top attractions: Trabzon, Rize, Sumela Monastery, Uzungol.

Must try dishes: Corn bread, anchovies, hazelnuts, and local cheeses.

Central Anatolia

Characterised by its steppe-like plateau, this stunning region is home to the once-in-a-lifetime hot air balloon experiences of Cappadocia.

Best time to visit: Spring (April-May) or autumn (September-October) for optimal weather.

Top attractions: Ankara, Konya, Kayseri, Cappadocia.

Must try dishes: Mantı (Turkish dumplings), kebabs, and local wines.

Mediterranean Region

Known for its sun-kissed beaches and mountain ranges, this region is probably the most well-known of all amongst beachgoers and hikers.

Best time to visit: Summer (June-August) for beach activities or spring (April-May) for hiking.

Top attractions: Antalya, Adana, Mersin, Olympos.

Must try dishes: Fresh seafood, kebabs, and juicy citrus fruit - a staple in Mediterranean meals.

Southeastern Anatolia

Influenced by Middle Eastern traditions, this region gives visitors the opportunity to walk in the footsteps of ancient civilisations, thanks to the well preserved ruins of Göbekli Tepe and Gaziantep.

Best time to visit: Spring (April-May) or autumn (September-October) for cultural festivals.

Top attractions: Gaziantep, Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa, Göbekli Tepe.

Must try dishes: Kebabs, baklava, and local spices.

Eastern Anatolia

Known for its breathtaking landscapes and religious significance, this region is where you’ll find Mount Ararat and a rich cultural heritage.

Best time to visit: Summer (June-August) for trekking, or autumn (September-October) for scenic views.

Top attractions: Erzurum, Van, Kars, Mount Ararat.

Regional cuisine: Hearty stews, local cheeses, and traditional breads.

Plan your regional adventure

From historical sites to culinary delights and breathtaking landscapes, there’s an experience for everyone in Turkey. Here are a few ideas: 

For history lovers…

Istanbul’s magnificent historic landmarks are unlike those found anywhere else on earth. Hagia Sophia, with its stunning mosaics and architectural grandeur, is a must-see, as is the Blue Mosque - a masterpiece of Ottoman architecture. Topkapi Palace, once the epicenter of the Ottoman Empire, provides a glimpse into the fascinating lives of the Sultans and their concubines.

Ephesus used to be a major commercial centre and capital of Asia Minor under Roman rule, and its ancient ruins reflect its rich past. The area was a key site for early Christianity and was said to be the final resting place of Mary, making it a compelling destination for pilgrims and anyone interested in religious history.

For the gastro-tourists…

A culinary haven for seafood enthusiasts, the Aegean region offers a bounty of fresh produce from the sea that showcases the best of the Mediterranean. Try signature dishes like levrek (sea bass), often grilled or baked, and cipura (gilt-head bream), usually served with a fresh salad and potatoes.

Head to the Southeastern Anatolia region to try some authentic kebabs. A spicy delight, adana kebab is made from minced lamb mixed with hot pepper flakes and grilled on skewers. If you prefer things a little milder, try the urfa kebabs which focus on the richness of the lamb and spices. Both are typically served with grilled vegetables, freshly made flatbread, and a traditional side dish of sumac onions. To find the most authentic flavors, look for small, family-run eateries or ask locals where they go for kebab. Chances are, you’ll end up in a no-frills spot with unforgettable food!

For outdoorsy types…

Cappadocia, in Central Anatolia, is a nature lover’s paradise. Renowned for its almost surreal landscapes, this enchanting region has been sculpted by centuries of erosion into fantastical fairy-like chimneys, honeycombed hills, and vast underground cities. Hikers will want to venture to higher planes and take in the breathtaking views over Red Valley, Rose Valley and Love Valley, each offering unique vistas and trails that are even more picturesque when seen from above.

The speciality of the Black Sea region, particularly the area around Rize, is tea. And its lush tea plantations thrive in the humid climate, abundant rainfall and fertile soil. Drinking tea is a huge part of Turkish culture, and so to truly immerse yourself in the community, a visit here is a must. Explore the rolling hills covered in tea fields and enjoy the picturesque views of the surrounding mountains. Learn a little more about your daily brew by experiencing traditional tea-making practices.

Getting around

For long-distance travel, high-speed trains are ideal for routes such as Istanbul to Ankara or Konya. You can ride the rails like royalty, as the overnight train is reminiscent of the legendary Orient Express. While perhaps not quite as opulent as its European counterpart, the Lake Van Express and Eastern Express are two standout routes, weaving through the country and offering passengers a chance to witness its natural beauty from the comfort of a rail carriage.

Buses, operated by companies like Kamil Koç and Pamukkale, provide a local experience with amenities like reclining seats and even Wi-Fi. For shorter distances or in rural areas, dolmuşes (minibuses) are a practical and low-cost option, although they may require longer wait times. Flights are also available, with local airlines connecting the major cities. Metro and tram systems in larger cities like Istanbul and Ankara make navigating and sightseeing easy.

Respecting the local culture

As you immerse yourself in Turkey's vibrant culture, respecting local customs can be an essential part of unlocking the true essence of this enchanting country. When visiting mosques or religious sites, remember to cover your shoulders and knees and remove your shoes upon entry. This is a simple yet meaningful gesture of respect that also applies to visiting someone’s home. Engage with the warm hospitality of the Turkish people by accepting offers of tea or coffee, both symbols of friendship and generosity. Remember, in Turkish culture, elders are revered, so show deference and address them respectfully. And finally, when invited to a household, bringing a small gift like sweets or flowers goes a long way.

Turkey's seven regions are a testament to the country's incredible diversity, offering a journey through time, landscapes, and flavours. Whether you're drawn to bustling cities, ancient ruins, or serene landscapes, there’s so much more to Turkey beyond the popular tourist spots.

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